"I'm very shocked" - College students react to Cornell University rape investigation

New York state prosecutors have reopened an investigation into the alleged rape of a woman at Cornell University in 2024.

The woman filed a civil lawsuit against the Ivy League university on 16 September alleging she was drugged and raped at a fraternity house at the university.

She also alleged that Cornell failed to protect her or adequately punish the men involved.

The men have been dubbed the "Cornell Seven" and the woman was identified as Jane Doe in court filings.

Cornell has said it supported presenting the case to a grand jury, while rejecting claims that it failed to punish those involved. It has also agreed to have the case examined by an independent investigator.

Watch: Why an investigation into alleged frat house gang rape is reopening

In a 101-page civil lawsuit, the woman alleged that on the night of 19 October 2024, seven men from Cornell's Chi Phi fraternity chapter assaulted her for hours in an incident involving alcohol and the drug ketamine.

She was a 20-year-old Cornell undergraduate at the time.

Jane Doe said in her lawsuit that she was intoxicated during the alleged incident and incapable of providing consent.

She said she left her sorority sisters after drinking that night and "stumbled alone" to the Chi Phi fraternity house in the city of Ithaca to see a male friend.

The lawsuit alleges sexual assault and battery, negligence, breach of contract and violations of New York's Human Rights Law.

It was filed against the university, fraternity sorority and men involved in the alleged attack.

Cornell case spotlights 'confusing' system for reporting campus assaults

The lawsuit contains an image purported to be from a fraternity group chat in which a participant alerted other members, in vulgar terms, to the potential for a sexual encounter with Doe.

Her lawyer has said she was "traumatised, numb and unable to function or accept the horror of what had happened" in the days after the assault, which she reported to Cornell University Police on 8 November 2024.

The outrage in recent weeks grew when Doe alleged in her lawsuit that the men were "afforded the opportunity to mitigate their conduct by submitting essays".

Doe's lawyer has said two of those involved were expelled. He has told CBS that the woman dropped out of university after the alleged assault.

Cornell newspaper's editorial board published the names of the defendants in the lawsuit on 21 September in a piece titled "Cornell Won't, We Will", fuelling outcry on social media.

Cornell in Ithaca, New York, is an elite US university

The Cornell University Police Department provided an image of the Snapchat group, titled Chi Phi Actives, to prosecutors as evidence in November 2024, the university said.

The members are named in the chat and discuss a "free" sexual encounter with Jane Doe, using coarse language, just before 02:00 local time on 20 October 2024.

CBS News New York has also published excerpts of additional text messages reportedly exchanged between one of the defendants and a woman who appears to be the person who made the allegations.

The messages were reportedly sent two days after the alleged assault.

In one message, one of the men appeared to apologise for "how things went down".

He said his memory was "kinda fuzzy", and that he and another man felt bad for being too intoxicated to "shut it down and kick people out before it got way out of hand".

The woman in the text chain replied saying her memory was "super clouded too" and that they were all intoxicated.

She also wrote that "non(e) of the sexual stuff was illegal" and that she liked being with him and another man.

Doe suggested they smoke together again, but leave out "the extra five billion men and ketamine".

Cornell University's Chi Phi fraternity house in September 2026

The woman said she reported the incident to Cornell University Police two weeks after it took place.

Shortly afterwards, Cornell University issued a public statement regarding the "serious and deeply disturbing allegations of drug abuse and sexual violence at the Chi Phi fraternity house".

It said the campus police department was investigating and that it had suspended the local chapter of the Chi Phi fraternity, as well as "a number of students".

Cornell also said it had opened an internal investigation as well as a civil rights inquiry under the Title IX law, which bars sex discrimination in schools that receive funding from the federal government, including most universities.

Following the new lawsuit, the university disputed Doe's allegation that it did not adequately investigate or punish the alleged perpetrators.

The university said in a statement that the matter was referred to a "panel of trained faculty and staff" that issued "a range of sanctions, which included expulsions and suspensions from Cornell".

Cornell did not deny the punishment for some of those involved included writing an essay. It said: "None of the individuals charged were offered the opportunity to write essays as a sole consequence of their involvement."

Cornell said in a statement on Tuesday that "temporary suspensions and other restrictive measures" were issued when the conduct was reported.

It also said the events that took place on its campus in 2024 "were appalling then and remain so now".

"We are doing all we can to foster a culture where sexual misconduct is never tolerated," it said.

On Wednesday, New York state Governor Kathy Hochul said that she had called the university president, who had agreed to allow "an independent outside investigation of what happened".

"They understand the importance of this," Hochul said in a post on X, adding that "this culture has to stop". Cornell confirmed the independent investigation to the BBC.

The Xi Chapter of the Chi Phi fraternity was closed in 2024 and remains barred from campus.

Doe named Chi Phi fraternity as one of the defendants in her civil lawsuit, alleging she suffered physical and emotional damage as a result of their actions.

Trey Robb, interim executive director of the Chi Phi fraternity, said in a statement that the organisation had expelled the accused members of Cornell's chapter.

"Our records confirm that just three days after 'Jane Doe' filed a police report, the Xi chapter voted unanimously to remove the accused members from its rolls," Robb said.

"The chapter also recommended that our national fraternity permanently expel them, and our Grand Council did so at a subsequent meeting."

The fraternity "will not comment on matters before the courts or under investigation", Robb said.

US prosecutors reopen case of alleged gang rape at Cornell University

The county's top prosecutor said on Monday that his office would reopen a criminal inquiry into the alleged rape.

Once appropriate charges were determined, the case would be prosecuted "in the most objective and impartial means possible" through a grand jury, said Tompkins County District Attorney Matthew Van Houten.

In the US legal system, prosecutors convene grand juries to weigh evidence and testimony, and eventually vote on whether they merit criminal charges.

The prosecutor said that at the time of the assault two years ago, his office concluded that evidence from the woman's statement to authorities did not meet the legal bar to bring charges.

He said he contacted Doe and her lawyers for more information as he prepared to bring the case to a grand jury.

In his statement, Van Houten included a summary of what Doe told the Cornell University Police Department in 2024 after the alleged attack, noting it differed from the allegations laid out in the lawsuit.

"Jane Doe's sworn statement in November of 2024 did not allege that she was drugged against her will or gang raped," Van Houten said in a statement on Monday.

"On the contrary, Jane Doe's statement described her participation in drug use and sexual conduct as voluntary, conscious and consensual."

A Cornell University spokesperson told the BBC that its police department shared a "lengthy police investigation report" with the Tompkins County District Attorney's Office.

New reports have detailed what Doe reported to Cornell University's police following the incident.

CBS News New York, external obtained a transcript of Doe's interviews with campus police that began on 14 November - more than three weeks after the incident.

She tells police of the initial sexual encounter: "I was pretty OK with all of this."

But the outlet reports that she said of what happened later: "I can say with 100% confidence I was raped."

ABC News, external also obtained a police report from 15 November, in which Doe said in a statement that during one of the later encounters that night, "I felt like I was unable to make any decision because of how intoxicated I was".

"To me, that felt like coercion," she said in her statement. "Also I felt like due to my intoxication, they should have known how intoxicated I was based on how I was slurring my words."

The BBC has contacted Van Houten's office and Doe's attorney.

Van Houten told CBS News he had never seen the transcript of the interview with campus police.

He also told the New York Times on Wednesday that he hoped to speak to Doe "to discuss new evidence that exists"., external

Van Houten told the Times he did not believe the allegations in the civil lawsuit meet the legal bar to bring charges.

He did note that "the significance of it means that she believes that crimes were committed, and we want to get to the bottom of that".

There has been a palpable tension on Cornell's campus since Doe filed her civil lawsuit in September.

The BBC spoke to students and a faculty member who said there was a "dark cloud" hanging over the school. Many chose to remain anonymous.

One senior who was on campus at the time of the alleged assault in 2024 told the BBC that it had been a hard time to be there, as rumours began circulating about Doe.

Now, two years later, the student described how she and her friends felt "overwhelmed" and "disappointed" because they believed Cornell greatly mishandled things, adding that it was hard to focus on their classes.

A faculty member also described the mood on campus as being "dismal".

Staff are not trained therapists, she said, so it was hard to know how to navigate these discussions with students.

"Incredible situation that was so... I just don't understand," she said.

If you are suffering distress or despair and need support, you could speak to a health professional, or an organisation that offers support. Details of help available in many countries can be found at Befrienders Worldwide., external

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Why an investigation into alleged frat house gang rape is reopening